Why Pakistan's Balochistan Crisis Needs to Matter to the World

Balochistan, the largest province of Pakistan in terms of geography, has historically been an area of strategic value because of its natural resources and geopolitical position. Nonetheless, it is one of the country's most backward and politically sensitive regions. The Balochistan crisis, marked by human rights abuses, enforced disappearances, and an emerging separatist movement, has far-reaching consequences not only for Pakistan but for regional and international peace.
The origins of Balochistan's turmoil date back to the province's disputed accession to Pakistan in 1948. Ever since, Baloch nationalists have waged several insurgencies, seeking more autonomy or outright independence. The state has usually responded with force, resulting in cycles of violence and oppression.
Human rights reports identify a chilling trend of abuse in Balochistan. Enforced abductions are widespread, and the security apparatus kidnaps thousands of Baloch civilians, activists, and students. Few are ever heard from again, and some are recovered dead, displaying evidence of torture.
Extrajudicial executions and the finding of mass graves have worsened the situation further. The "kill and dump" policy of the state has been severely criticized, and the victims are usually prominent individuals like celebrated car racing driver Tariq Baloch.
Freedom of speech in Balochistan is highly restricted. Journalists and human rights activists are intimidated, harassed, and attacked. The detention of well-known human rights activist Mahrang Baloch indicates the intolerance of the state towards dissent.
Non-violent protests are responded to with violence, for example, during the Baloch Long March, where protesters seeking justice for missing persons were prevented from marching on to Islamabad and subjected to police brutality.
The Baloch Liberation Army (BLA) has stepped up its militant activities, conducting joint attacks on Pakistani security forces. The fact that the outfit recently approached India to support it reflects a change in strategy and a possible increase in regional tensions.
Leaders such as Mir Yar Baloch have publicly asserted Balochistan's independence, turning their back on the Pakistani administration and demanding international recognition.
The unrest in Balochistan threatens regional stability. The province shares its borders with Iran and Afghanistan, and the disturbances could flow over to impact the neighbouring nations. The fact that external powers, such as reported Indian assistance to Baloch separatists, are involved makes it difficult.
Balochistan is the focal point of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), which is a flagship Belt and Road Initiative project for China. Ongoing unrest compromises the safety of infrastructure projects and discourages foreign investment.
The world's silence concerning the human rights violations in Balochistan is a troubling precedent. Enforcing international human rights norms means recognizing and responding to such violations.
A multidisciplinary approach is needed to solve the crisis in Balochistan:

• Accountability: Pakistan should investigate and hold accountable those who commit human rights violations.
• Dialogue: Talking to Baloch leaders and solving their issues through political talks is essential.
• Development: Development of the province's infrastructure, education, and healthcare can reduce some of the root causes of unrest.
• International Engagement: The international community needs to keep an eye on the situation, aid human rights efforts, and push for peaceful solutions.

The Balochistan crisis is not a local problem but a regional and international issue. The disregard of the Baloch plight denigrates global human rights efforts and potentially destabilizes further South Asia. Pakistan and the international community must grasp the severity of the situation and act together towards a fair and enduring solution.

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